Vertical Integration at Sony Essay Example

Vertical Integration at Sony Essay Vertical Integration Back in 2002, Sony geared themselves toward a vertical strategy as reported by Rob Weisenthal, VP and CFO of Sony Corp. of America, â€Å"Under the USA umbrella, we undertook a number of vertical initiatives for each operating division. These have already produced significant operational streamlining and financial performance improvements. † As discussed in his release, Weisenthal talked about Sony Pictures Entertainment and their strategy to restructure television operations, where core programming competencies were focused on. Film and television digitalization efforts have been expanded and have engineered a significant reduction in their corporate overhead. In addition, he mentionted that Sony Music has made long strides in manufacturing consolidation, overhead reduction and the huddling of international offices. Between the two sectors of operation Sony has saved an average of $125 million by integrating its operations in a vertical fasion. In addition to these vertical initiatives, under the Project USA umbrella, Sony has begun a set of horizontal initiatives across the operating companies that will result in the creation of several shared platforms. Each of our divisions will share in the scale economics for all common services. These platforms include (2002): Logistics: The logistics platform will enable integrated supply chain management. All operating divisions are working towards greater consolidation of manufacturing, distribution, and transportation operations. Purchasing: The purchasing platform will increase buying power through joint purchasing contracts. This initiative has already resulted in significant savings in expenses related to travel, part-time personnel, usage of external consultants and legal fees. Media-Buying: With respect to media buying, Sony consolidated media planning and spending dollars of U. S. and Canadian operations for Electronics, Music, and Pictures divisions with Universal-McCann. Savings amounted to $20 million in this fiscal year alone (2002-2003). IT Infrastructure: And finally, Sony is the midst of consolidating our IT infrastructure (including Data centers, voice and data networks, and Web infrastructure) to increase the operating efficiency and utilization of our systems. Project USA will be largely completed by the end of this fiscal year (2003), both the vertical initiatives and the creation of these shared service platforms. The project is on course to lead us to meaningful margin enhancement and increased operating efficiencies across our divisions. Overall, we anticipate over $400 million of annualized savings from the overall project including the initiatives at Electronics. We began generating savings this past fiscal year and it will take three years for the full impact to kick in,† Weisenthal reported. We will write a custom essay sample on Vertical Integration at Sony specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Vertical Integration at Sony specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Vertical Integration at Sony specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Surprisingly, after extensive research it was found that, more currently, Sony is taking small steps to flatten out their supply chain with a horizontally integrating strategy. According to an article titled, Sonys semi biz to pivot from vertical to horizontal, written by Yoshiko Hara at Electronics Supply Manufacturing, Sony Corporation â€Å"is steering its semiconductor business from vertically integrated operation to ‘fab-lite’ operation that would involve outsourcing production of the Cell processor. This move is a significant turnaround from Sonys previous strategy to develop and manufacture core chips internally. Well invest in semiconductors on an asset-lite policy, which puts much weight on the investment efficiency, said Yutaka Nakagawa, executive deputy president of Sony in charge of the semiconductor business. Well focus more on the competitive areas. It seems that this tactical approach is meant for the short run, and lacks the vision needed for long term sustainability. Sony used to plan, design, manufacture and implement processors in its own game machines, including the PlayStation line; Sony used to have great success with its game processors due to its vertical structure but now the future is uncertain. Future Vertical Integration According to the article, Sonys semi biz to pivot from vertical to horizontal, Sony plans to keep its research and development teams running strong, but will outsource key manufacturing processes. Even if outsourced, game processors will continue to be one of Sonys main semiconductor products. The company intends to boost all the investment on Cell processor from the game business. Sony has invested a total of 460 billion yen (about $3. 8 billion) on semiconductors over a three-year period. Of this amount, 200 billion yen ($1. 7 billion) was spent on the Cell processor. In the coming three-year mid-term period beginning next April, We are considering decreasing investment in semiconductors greatly, Nakagawa said. Under the new policy, Sony intends to focus on three areas—imagers, game LSIs and system-on-chip LSIs for audio/video devices. Sony has about 60 percent market share in the imager market and is now reinforcing CMOS sensors as well. One hundred and fifty engineers were shifted to the imager section from audio/video sections to boost development. In the audio/video area, system-on-chip LSIs for TVs and Blu-ray Disc next-generation DVD products will be reinforced, but non-profitable chips such as GPS-integrated chips will be discontinued. Sonys semiconductor sales are expected to increase by 57 percent from 490 billion yen ($4. 1 billion) to 770 billion yen ($6. billion) next fiscal year, ending March, owing to the demand from game consoles and sales of imagers. About 70 percent of its sales are for its own products and 30 percent of the sales come from the merchant market. Sonys semiconductor business had been losing money before turning to the black (positive) in the October through December period of 2007. Nakagawa intends to keep the business in the black and moving forward while providing the highest level s of quality products and customer service. Sources http://www. sony. com/SCA/speeches/020509_wiesenthal. shtml http://my-esm. com/sclogistics/showArticle. jhtml? articleID=197006317

Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder Essays - Free Essays

Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder Essays - Free Essays Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder Understanding the Behavioral Disorder: Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) Imagine living in a fast-moving kaleidoscope, where sounds, images, and thoughts are constantly shifting. Feeling easily bored, yet helpless to keep your mind on tasks you need to complete. Distracted by unimportant sights and sounds, your mind drives you from one thought or activity to the next. Perhaps you are so wrapped up in a collage of thoughts and images that you don't notice when someone speaks to you. "Tommy can't sit still. He is disruptive at school with his constant talking and clowning around. He leaves the classroom without the teacher's permission. Although he has above-average intelligence, Tommy has trouble reading and writing. When he talks, the words come out so fast no one understands him" (Rees, 1994). For many people, this is what it's like to have Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, or ADHD. They may be unable to sit still, plan ahead, finish tasks, or be fully aware of what's going on around them. To their family, classmates or coworkers, they seem to exist in a whirlwind of disorganized or frenzied activity. Unexpectedlyon some days and in some situations they seem fine, often leading others to think the person with ADHD can actually control these behaviors. As a result, the disorder can mar the person's relationships with others in addition to disrupting their daily life, consuming energy, and diminishing self-esteem. Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) comes from the standard diagnostic reference of the American Psychiatric Association (APA). ADHD is a diagnosis applied to children and adults who consistently display certain characteristic Understanding ADHD 4. behaviors over a period of time. Hyperactivity has no single known cause and is therefore classified as a syndrome because it has a cluster of symptoms. It is generally characterized by excessive motor activity, short attention span, and impulsive behavior for a child's age. The most common behaviors fall into three categories: inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. According to the DSM, signs of inattention include: ?becoming easily distracted by irrelevant sights and sounds ?failing to pay attention to details and making careless mistakes ?rarely following instructions carefully and completely ?losing or forgetting things like toys, or pencils, books, and tools needed for a task. (Frankovich, 1994) Some signs of hyperactivity and impulsivity are: ?feeling restless, often fidgeting with hands or feet, or squirming ?running, climbing, or leaving a seat, in situations where sitting or quiet behavior is expected ?blurting out answers before hearing the whole question ?having difficulty waiting in line or for a turn. (Frankovich, 1994) Under the criteria set by the APA, the diagnosis should include onset of the condition before age seven, lasting at least six months. There should also be a proven absence of mental illness or mental retardation. Parents can remove a huge burden of guilt from blaming themselves for their child's behavior. Knowing that scientists are finding more and more evidence that ADHD does not stem from home environment, but from biological causes. In the article ADHD Decade of the Brain, scientists find, "Not all children from unstable or dysfunctional homes have ADHD. And not all children with ADHD come from dysfunctional families" (1990). Some research shows that a mother's use of cigarettes, alcohol, or other drugs during pregnancy may have damaging effects on the child. Understanding ADHD 5. "These substances may be dangerous to the fetus's developing brain" (ADHD Decade of the Brain, 1990). One other theory that is not definite whether it is a definite cause or not is that refined sugar and food additives make children hyperactive and inattentive. As a result, many parents were encouraged to stop serving children foods containing artificial flavorings, preservatives, and sugars. There is no cure for ADHD. While research continues to help scientists understand the underlying causes, treatments have been developed to provide relief of symptoms. Management of the syndrome may involve more than one method. The primary ones are medication, psychological intervention, and diet. In extreme cases of hyperactive behavior, the physician may prescribe stimulant drugs which affect mood, the thinking processes and behavior. This controversial practice has been used since the 1930's to control hyperactivity. "The stimulants amphetamines like Ritalin, Dexedrine, and Cylert act on the nervous system, and have been shown to be effective in many studies. The drugs have a calming effect on hyperactive children" (Rees, 1994). Stimulants allow many people to focus and pay better attention, whether or not they have ADHD. The improvement is just more noticeable in people with ADHD. It is not easy coping with the frustrations of ADHD day

How to Make Colored Fire Pinecones

How to Make Colored Fire Pinecones How can you make your fire more festive? Toss on a few colored fire pinecones! Colored fire pinecones are extremely easy to make. All you need is one common household chemical. Colored Fire Pinecone Materials dry pineconesboric acid (usually sold as a disinfectant in the pharmacy section of stores)alcohol (optional) Alcohol is not necessary for this project, but it is a good accelerant if you are having trouble getting your pinecones to burn, which is possible if they are still a little green. Also, alcohol burns with a blue flame, so it will add another color to the fire yet wont overpower the other flame colors in your pinecone. Methanol is sold as Heetâ„ ¢ fuel treatment (avoid contact with skin). Isopropyl alcohol (rubbing alcohol) or ethanol (e.g., from rum or vodka) work well, too. Methods of Preparing Colored Fire Pinecones Method #1: This is the quick-and-easy method of getting pinecones to burn in colors. Sprinkle a little boric acid powder onto the pinecone. Squirt a small amount of alcohol onto the pinecone. Light the pinecone. Method #2: Dissolve the boric acid in a small amount of water or alcohol. Soak the pinecones in the colorant solution and allow them to dry. Boric acid is a good chemical for this project because its easily obtained, safe, and can give you a full spectrum of flame colors. However, any of the safe colorants for making colored fire can be used to make colored fire pinecones, so dont be afraid to experiment with other chemicals. You can prepare colored pinecones in advance to give as gifts or to burn throughout the season. If you like, you can scent the pinecones by adding a small amount of cinnamon oil or potpourri fragrance. Disclaimer: Please be advised that the content provided by our website is for EDUCATIONAL PURPOSES ONLY. Fireworks and the chemicals contained within them are dangerous and should always be handled with care and used with common sense. By using this website you acknowledge that ThoughtCo., its parent About, Inc. (a/k/a Dotdash), and IAC/InterActive Corp. shall have no liability for any damages, injuries, or other legal matters caused by your use of fireworks or the knowledge or application of the information on this website. The providers of this content specifically do not condone using fireworks for disruptive, unsafe, illegal, or destructive purposes. You are responsible for following all applicable laws before using or applying the information provided on this website.

Research Design to Determine the Future of New Orleans Levee Board Essay

Research Design to Determine the Future of New Orleans Levee Board - Essay Example Generally, the failed sections of earthen levee around St. Bernard and east Orleans Parishes do not appear to have included sheetpiling or other core construction. In a very few instances, evidence of a sheetpile core is now exposed and in general, these occurrences tend to be present where older pre-existing canals and natural waterways cut across the levee's intended location, probably due to recognition that otherwise seepage and percolation would be more of a problem at these locations. As a result of its elevation near sea level, the Lake Pontchartrain Basin is quite vulnerable to tropical storms and hurricanes. Hurricanes are categorized by their windspeed in miles per hour (mph). Hurricanes have affected the Louisiana coastline with a frequency that peaks in September. Hurricanes with significant monetary or human loss are memorialized by retiring their name. In addition to its separation from the coast, the topography of the land in the city of New Orleans is adverse. The city is surrounded by a river levee system 25 feet high along its southern boundary, and by hurricane protection levees about 15 feet high along the remaining boundaries. Most of the land in the city is below sea level, with much of the northern half of the city more than 5 feet below sea level. About one half of the population of the city can't and won't evacuate during a hurricane. Many people, about 200,000, do not have automobiles or access to an automobile. There are an additional 20,000 special needs people that cannot be easily moved. Finally, there several hundred thousand people that will not evacuate because of the difficulty of actually evacuating and finding suitable shelters. The hurricane protection levees surrounding the city are designed to protect the city from a category slow 2 or fast category 3 hurricane. Thus for any slow category 3, or category 4 or 5 hurricanes, the possibility exists for flooding the metropolitan area of New Orleans. The city of New Orleans averages 1.8 m (6 ft) below sea level, resembling a shallow depression surrounded by levees and water. The levee system in New Orleans is one of the most extensive in the world. Levees are earthen structures, made of clay (sedimentary particles smaller in diameter than sand and silt), in cross section forming a truncated triangle. The base is commonly 10 times as wide as the height. Floodwalls are concrete and steel walls, built atop a levee, or in place of a levee, often where space is insufficient for a levee's broad base. Orleans Levee District, a quasi-governmental body, is resposponsible for 129 miles of earthen levees, floodwalls, 190 floodgates, 2 flood control structures, and 100 valves. The governor appoints six of the board's eight members,

Training Department Organizational Structure Assignment

Training Department Organizational Structure - Assignment Example ilarities with each other at all, plus due to the medical innovations such as new drugs and other pharmaceutical products DNA must be knowledgeable enough of these changes so that they could quickly introduce these to practitioners and allow them to use these new technologies in their line of work. DNA must be able to adapt to the needs of their customers to be able to provide them services worth paying for, otherwise not only would these customers lose to their competition but also cause them to lag behind in the latest medical trends. Due to these reasons, static training models may not be able to sustain the needs of the organization in the long run, however business-embedded training allows for a degree of flexibility by aligning organizational needs with employee training needs, thus its dynamic training measures becomes its key to effective learning and application (Hasan, Jameel, & Subhani, 2011). The Business-Embedded Training model is considered to be flexible since it is made to fit a company’s mission, vision, and objectives (Hasan, et al., 2011). It is strong in terms of recognizing that the customer base is varied thus it offers a wider range of learning modules and options compared to traditional training models. There is also no need for a special venue since attendees can stay at their work site, it has greater structure versatility and participant inclusion, it involves internal consultants who understand how the organization works and knows how to properly disseminate this information, and it empowers employees by allowing them to take charge of their own career growth (Noe, 2013). However, because of the need to disseminate information to a greater number of people, work departments, venues, and even dates, there is a considerably greater effort needed for this training model to be carried out successfully, thus the model’s weakness (Hasan, et al., 2 011). Although the Business-Embedded Training model needs a lot of effort to be done, the

Movie Analysis On Wag The Dog Media Essay

Movie Analysis On Wag The Dog Media Essay The movie entitled Wag the Dog was directed by Barry Levinson which deals with the relationship between the president the media and the public in the country but most importantly, it focus on the abuse of political powers by the leaders. The film is from 1997 and its timing frame is about 1 hour 37 minutes long. The title of the film comes from the saying in America why does a dog wag its tail? In natural sense to wag a tail simply means to shake it back and forth, which dogs do any time they are happy. If the tail is wagging the dog, then the consequence will be that the dog will be made to be stupid. In short term the tail wagging the dog signified or refers to something that has greater meaning such as a war being driven by something less such as sex scandal. The description of the title set the satirical tone of the movie which is a comedy about how public opinion was manipulated through the means of media. Through this film, people are now enlightened to know what the government can do with a little false-flag media. Never the less the film entails about a president who was officially accused of having a sex with a young teenage girl who belong to a society related to the girls scouts in the white house two weeks before the presidential election, which a media expert was called upon to fix the problem by causing or creating a fake war with Albania to draw the public attention away from what has happen. The media specialists were able to divert the whole sex scandal situation through the film producer named Stanley Motss (played by Dustin Hoffman). we can see that through this movie, media uses images, symbols and signs in order to divert the publics attention on problems that may not be relevant to them but what they may need to complete their lives. This method was derived from the concept of the period called the postmodern where people brains were soaked in such signs, symbols and images. This has also made the public to think that it is reality, mean while it is not but the medias version of reality. It is quite an understanding that Motss uses this style to derive the public attention away from the presidents sex scandal in the movie. The movie success lies on the believe that film does not fail to explain its basic ideas and impressions. In the beginning part of the movie, the background was dark and mysterious as Conrad the spin doctorthe spin doctor the spin doctor the spin doctor and the presidents advisors Robert DeNiro were having a conversation concerning the issue of the sex scandal and sorting out how to divert the public attention from the issue. With this, we can see that a specific setting is used to infer the secrecy of a dark setting as most unveiled plans are made underground without the notice of the public. This ways is represented the same way as in the present days where most gang members will do the same. Already we can see Conrads character as being too much demanding, pessimistic and also intelligent as he was the one who brought the formation of the fake war with Albania. He brought the idea and was the leader of the whole operation and he makes sure that all the plans went well as planned. Stanley Motts is seen as a Hollywood producer that Conrad visits to help him on producing the fake war. St anley Motts acts comparably to any other film producer in the present days as all they ever thought about is acknowledgment (credit) towards a particular project to become famous by achieving something great and to be known. Moreover Conrad and Motts had same ideas of creating a fake war to divert the sexual disaster away from the public. As the saying goes, Great minds think alike, This apply to other politician, Conrad has been in the system for a while and he knows how to cut the grass as he offers a position of being an ambassador to Motts; however Motts wants to do it as a pleasure. This shows how politician can turn ones mind by mentioning the ways of giving a reward which in this case we have seen that the position of an ambassador is guarantee. Moreover, whatever the politician says cannot be seen as a believable fact even through their line of expertise as they try to spin information on somebody, we can see that Conrad plays his own part on Motts to motivate him to produce his fake war. From this point of view, we can say that Conrad is seen as the presidents spin doctor because the president relies on Conrad to make the situation change away from the public connoting the close relationship exi sting by the president and Conrad. During the media scene of building the war, a young teenager girl was used, to act as an Albanian girl, in fact she is an actress being given such a role to run through an empty studio. However, the young girl was holding a bag containing chips instead of a white kitten as Motts could not find the kitten he needed. In the order hands the white kitten was edited by the use of technology instead of the bag of chips in which she was holding, this is to show how media can easily be used to play around with images, by using modern technology which the viewers will not have an idea whether it amount to the reality or not. Moreover the media has made us to understand that it is not everything that we see or hear that is truth. The white kitten that was edited signifies purity, peace and clarity onto the public and makes them more interested in the lost girl at war and not the presidents sex scandal. Latter on the village, sirens and sound effects of somebody screaming were added. This infor mation was played on the evening news and it touches so many hearts of the American people. They unknowingly trusted what they are seeing because it is on the news. at this point we can see how the media was use to quickly changes peoples minds into another dramatic concern at hand which is similar in our contemporary society where we get soaked into some certain advertisements, such as a magazine avert were you actually see most of the models, and you will be amaze because they are considered to be beautiful. Furthermore Conrad and Anne were having a brief talk with a CIA agent claiming that the Albanian war was all a trick. We can see that Politics is shown within the movie where Conrad spins and change the whole statement convincing the CIA agent that the war was real. At the same time, we see another side of Anne, as she does not seem to be involved in the operation which shows the weak side of her character due to the penalties that she may face if she is caught. Another sign of peace and purity was shown during the producing of the war where a young Albanian girl offers the president an offering of helping her and her mother. At the same time, the president offers his coat to the young teenage girls mother which indicates that he is giving her shelter and pity towards her feelings due her suffering in the war. Among many manipulations of the two devise are the creation of a fake war with the poor Albanian villagers, stage event congratulating with the president on his effort to Albania and the final a public inter-relation campaign used to sympathize for the death soldier after the fictionalized war was put to end by the CIA. In conclusion the film Wag the Dog is an interesting and suspicious film that have entirely manages to side up political matters of our modern society. If our entire connection with the reality of politics is through the means of media, or if politics is separated from our ordinary world to the point that we only co-operate through that terrible little box (media), truth will become a frighteningly subjective concept. Moreover, the film has also made us to understand that, we are nothing but pencil in the hands of our manipulators this means that it is not every information we hear that amount to truth.

Understand the process and experience of Dementia

Describe a range of causes of dementia syndromeThe dementia syndrome is caused by combination of conditions such as specific diseases like Alzheimer’s, Parkinson’s or motor neurone disease. It can also be caused by having stroke and prolonged alcohol abuse.1.2Describe the types of memory impairment commonly experienced by individuals with dementia frontal lobe– The person may have difficulty thinking clearly, struggle with forming thoughts, be unable to think abstractly or lose social awareness.Parietal lobe – The person may have difficulty with judging distance and seeing things in 3D, identifying what objects are used for, recognising people, locating certain parts of the body. They may become easily disorientated and lost; begin to hallucinate. occipital lobe – The person may loose their peripheral vision, have difficulty picking up details of light and shade, lose their ability to look up, struggle to focus on or track moving objects, repeat mov ements over and over again or struggle to hold on to an idea long enough to act on it without help.Temporal lobe – The person may forget names, struggle to retain new information, repeat seemingly meaningless word, sounds or number or lose their sense of time and place.1.3 Explain the way that individuals process information with reference to the abilities and limitations of individuals with dementia frontal lobe – is responsible for regulating behaviour, emotions, reasoning and parts of speech.It’s also responsible for purposeful acts such as creativity, decision making, problem solving and planning. parietal lobe – is responsible for body movement, spelling, calculation, recognition and interpreting information from our senses. occipital lobe – is responsible for visual processing and our ability to distinguish and perceive the differences between colour, shape and movement. temporal lobe – is responsible for hearing, short term memory, me aning, language and time awareness1.4 Explain how other factors can cause changes in an individual’s condition that may not be attributable to dementiaOther factors that can cause changes in an individual’s condition not attributable to dementia may include age, anxiety, poor physical health, poor sensory health, gender, ethnicity or even medication.1. 5 Explain why the abilities and needs of an individual with dementia may fluctuateNeeds and abilities of an individual with dementia may fluctuate due to numerous reasons such as loss of independence, loss of companionship, depression, anxiety, mental health issues, and stages of their dementia.2.1 Describe the impact of early diagnosis and follow up to diagnosis The impact of early diagnosis for dementia helps rule out other conditions that may have similar symptoms to dementia and that may be treatable such as depression, chest and UTI’s. It also helps rule out other possible causes of confusion such as poor eye sight or hearing, emotional upsets or side-effects of certain medications. It allows the individual to plan and make arrangements for the future.2.2 Explain the importance of recording possible signs or symptoms of dementia in an individual in line with agreed ways of workingThe importance of recording signs or symptoms is so as to get facts about the individual’s functional and cognitive abilities, to be able to make relevant decisions with the individual, their relatives and carers. Another importance is to be able to make sure their nutritional and hygiene needs are met.2.3 Explain the process of reporting possible signs of dementia within agreed ways of working The process of reporting possible signs of dementia may include the mode of reporting whether it’s verbal or written and to whom it is reported to like the supervisor, team leader and or manager.It may also include the frequency it is reported with the level of detail and should have observation reports.2.4 Describe the possible impact of receiving a diagnosis of dementia ona)the individual may become shocked, anxious, stressed, disorientated, frightened, may have to retire early leading to financial implications, lose socialisationb)their family and friends may feel guilty, need to balance commitments, get angry, be afraid or embarrassed, become stressed, increased financial needs3.1 Compare a person centred and a non-person centred approach to dementia care Person centred care is about caring for the person, rather than the illness. It’s about enabling choice, social relationships, inclusion and valuing the individual. Non-person centred care does not recognise the individual’s uniqueness and needs, lacks choice, exclusion, not allowing participation in decision making and responding to behaviour rather than looking at the unified whole.3.2 Describe a range of different techniques that can be used to meet the fluctuating abilities and needs of the individual with demen tiaKnow the person – By having background knowledge of the individual, including knowing their previous life and history one would b able to understand why the person behaves in certain ways, hence being able to design the care and support to meet their specific needs. Stable and familiar environment – A known trigger for agitation and confusion for people with dementia is when their daily routine and environment are constantly changing.It is therefore important that people with dementia have consistent staff to follow their daily routine and live in a stable and familiar environment Providing specific support – People with dementia have been known to wander, be agitated, have incontinence, be paranoid and show repeated actions. It is important that these specific needs are met in way such as activities, reducing noise levels, clear indications of bathrooms, and incontinence pads provided3. 3 Describe how myths and stereotypes related to dementia may affect the individual and their carersMyths and stereotyping affects people with dementia as they may be viewed as needing pity which brings down their self esteem making them feel isolated. Assumption of automatic loss of independence in people with dementia makes them feel inadequate or useless. 3. 4 Describe ways in which individuals and carers can be supported to overcome their fears Ways in which individual and carers can be supported is gaining information and advice from others, reading booklets/leaflets, going online for discussion forums through friends and family and through respite care.